What is the function of a greenhouse?

The function of a greenhouse is primarily to provide a controlled environment for growing plants, which includes regulating temperature, humidity, and light conditions. Greenhouses are designed to create an optimal growth setting that protects plants from harsh external weather conditions such as extreme heat, cold, wind, and precipitation. By maintaining these controlled conditions, greenhouses can extend the growing season and improve plant health, ultimately leading to better yields.

In contrast to other choices, the idea of growing plants without light (the first option) contradicts basic plant biology, as plants require light for photosynthesis. Enhancing soil fertility (the third option) is important in gardening and agriculture, but it is not a direct function of a greenhouse. Similarly, while heat exposure is essential for plant growth, the goal of a greenhouse is to regulate the temperatures to prevent overheating and provide consistent warmth rather than merely increasing heat exposure.