What is the purpose of mulching in horticulture?

The purpose of mulching in horticulture primarily revolves around conserving moisture and suppressing weeds. When mulch is applied to the soil surface, it creates a barrier that reduces evaporation, helping to retain soil moisture for plants. This is especially important during dry periods or in regions with low rainfall.

Additionally, mulching effectively suppresses weed growth by blocking sunlight from reaching the soil surface, which is essential for weed seed germination. This reduces competition for nutrients and water between desired plants and weeds, promoting healthier plant growth.

While attracting beneficial insects and creating decorative designs are valuable in horticulture, they are not the main objectives of mulching. Encouraging plant diseases is counterproductive to horticultural practices and is not a benefit associated with mulching.